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A micrometer is a hand-held measuring instrument that operates using a screw-based mechanism for precise measurements. The term micrometer is derived from the Greek word mikros, meaning small. The first known micrometer screw was invented by William Gascoigne of Yorkshire in the 17th century and was originally used in telescopes to measure angular distances between stars. Micrometers have a long history in metrology (the science of measurement) and are known for their versatility. By changing the anvil and spindle face, a micrometer can be adapted for various applications.