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Formation of Covalent Bonds in H₂O

by STEAM3D

Description

A simple covalent bond, consisting of two shared electrons, is formed when an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom come sufficiently close to each other. Because the oxygen atom has a higher electronegativity than the hydrogen atom, the shared electrons are more strongly attracted to the oxygen atom. As a result, the oxygen atom acquires a partial negative charge, and the hydrogen atom acquires a partial positive charge. This unequal distribution of electron density creates a polar covalent bond.