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**Systematic name:** 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid **Molecular formula:** C₃H₆O₃ **Chemical formula (condensed):** CH₃CHOHCOOH **Molar mass:** 90.08 g/mol **Description:** Lactic acid has a sour taste and is slightly soluble in water, forming colorless crystals. The salt derived from lactic acid is referred to as lactate. **Applications:** Lactic acid is used in the food industry (E270), tanning processes, textile dyeing, and the cosmetics industry. **Occurrence:** The lactate form of lactic acid is a crucial intermediate in metabolic pathways, resulting from anaerobic pyruvate degradation, such as during excessive physical exertion. Lactic acid is naturally present in cabbage and sour milk.
