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The European Pear is grown mainly for its fruit, although its valuable wood is also used in applications such as recorder manufacturing. Originating in Asia Minor, the pear spread to Greece, where four cultivars were known at the time, and later to the Roman Empire. Ancient pear cultivars had round pomes, but over time, trees producing the characteristic pear-shaped fruits were cultivated. Pears contain sclerenchyma cells, known as sclereids, which give the pulp a slightly gritty texture. The pear also serves as an intermediate host for pear rust, a fungal disease, and its leaves provide food for the larvae of the *Saturnia pyri* moth. ## Keywords angiosperms plants eudicots Rosales Rosaceae pear
