Iron

An iron is a device used to smooth fabric by applying high temperature and pressure. The key component of the iron is the heating element, which is a conductor that generates heat by carrying an electric current (Joule heating). To ensure minimal heat loss in the lead wires and maximize heating in the element itself, the resistance of the heating element must be significantly higher than that of the wires. The heat generated by the element is then transferred to the soleplate. The soleplate is typically made of metal due to its excellent thermal conductivity, allowing heat to distribute evenly across the entire surface. It must be smooth or coated with materials such as ceramic or Teflon to prevent fabrics from sticking and to ensure smooth gliding over the fabric. The heating element is insulated to prevent any electrical current from passing through the soleplate. A thermostat regulates the temperature with an accuracy of a few degrees Celsius and can be adjusted using a control dial to maintain the desired level of heat.